The largest earnings gap is based on gender, with women reporting earnings at only 40% of those of men in self-employment, followed by 64% of men in casual wage jobs, and 76% of men in regular wage jobs.
Authors
Deepanshu Mohan, Professor of Economics and Director, Centre for New Economics Studies, O.P. Jindal Global University; Visiting Professor, School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Canada; Honorary Research Fellow, Birkbeck College, University of London.
Amisha Singh, research analyst with CNES and team lead for its InfoSphere initiative.
Aditi Desai, research analyst with CNES and team lead for its InfoSphere initiative.
Summary
Social identity plays a significant role in determining the type of employment a person is likely to be engaged in and their earnings across India, said a recent report by the Centre for Sustainable Employment at Azim Premji University.
The report found that regular wage or salaried work tends to be the most remunerative, followed by self-employment and then casual wage work. Further, within each type of employment, significant heterogeneity exists in occupation, industry, and other job characteristics, all of which play a crucial role in determining labour earnings.
The report found that significant earnings gaps exist in terms of gender, caste and religion among different social groups.
The largest earnings gap is based on gender, with women reporting earnings at only 40% of those of men in self-employment, followed by 64% of men in casual wage jobs, and 76% of men in regular wage jobs.
The gaps based on caste and religion are narrower but still significant. Muslims receive higher pay than Hindus in the category of casual wage labour but lower pay in terms of regular wage jobs and self-employment. There is a noticeable difference in earnings between SC/ST and other castes.
(This analysis has been undertaken by the members of InfoSphere team of Centre for New Economics Studies, O.P. Jindal Global University.)
Published in: The Wire
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