The fourth generation of human rights acknowledges that internet access is a fundamental right, essential for exercising and realizing other human rights.
Authors
Bidisha Bandyopadhyay, Assistant Lecturer, Jindal Global Law School, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, India
Nasreen Mallick, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
Rathin Bandopadhyay, Alipurduar University, India
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted education systems worldwide, forcing schools and universities to close their doors and shift to remote learning. However, the transition to online education has exposed a deep digital divide, leaving vulnerable students at a disadvantage due to limited or no access to the Internet.
Internet access during the COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a critical necessity, transcending traditional notions of human rights. The concept of the fourth generation of human rights recognises that access to the Internet is not just a privilege but an essential right that enables individuals to exercise their other rights effectively. Governments, policymakers, and international organisations must prioritise bridging the digital divide to ensure equitable access to the internet for all students, especially the vulnerable ones.
Initiatives such as providing subsidised internet services, distributing devices, and establishing community-based internet centres can help overcome these challenges. Public-private partnerships and collaborations between governments, civil society, and technology companies can play a crucial role in expanding internet infrastructure and affordability. By recognising internet access as a vital component of the fourth generation of human rights, societies can foster inclusivity and bridge the educational gap exacerbated by the pandemic. Efforts should focus not only on immediate solutions but also on long-term strategies to address systemic inequalities in internet access. Empowering vulnerable students with internet connectivity is pivotal for their educational success, personal development, and future opportunities.
Published in: Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development
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